Gas producer and other furnace



Sept. 12; 1933.

A. L. GALUSHA ,926,939 GAS PRODUCER AND OTHER FURNACE Filed July 17.I950 2 Shqats-Shegt 1 if /0 40 30 a g 35 a6 38 INVENTOR ALBERT L.GALUSHA3a Sept. 12, 1933. A, A H 1,926,939

GAS PRODUCER AND OTHER FURNACE Filed Julyl'T, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTOR ALBERT L. GALUSHA Patented Sept. 12,1933

GAS PRODUCER AND .o'rnna.

FURNACE:-

, Albert Leet Galusha,,CaldwelhNJ V A Application July 17,. 1930. SerialNo. 468,634 8 Claims. (015126-132).

eliminate the need of ,a' brick lining on the interior of the combustionchamber wall and to make possible a water-jacketed metal wall that willnot cause the fire bed to be, cooled to the extent of preventingcomplete combustion near the wall but nevertheless ,will itself bekeptbe-,

low a temperature that would cause it to melt. It is the aim also toprovide an ash brake that can be mounted on a water-jacketed wall. Inthe ash. brake there is embodied a feature of construction illustratedinthe stirrer arms described here as well as in myco-pending applicationSerial No. 294,132, filed July 20,1928, and applicable to any cantileverarm, extending into a fuel bed in suchwise as to be subjected to abending stress upon rotation of, the grate.

In the drawings Fig. ,1 is a view in central vertical section through agas producer in the region of .the grate, showing the grate with stirrerarms, the water-jacketed wall and the ash brakes:

Fig. 2 is a top plan, view ofthe part of a proj ducer shown in Fig. 1:

Fig. 3 is a detail view, in section through the water-jacketed wall,showing the, construction of the latter and of the ash brake mountedthereon, drawn .to a larger scale: V

Fig. 4 is a view in section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3:

Fig. 5 is a View in vertical section of an alternativeformof wallconstruction.

In the drawings the invention is shown applied to a gas producer of thetype shown in my co-pending application Serial No. 468,635, filed July17, 1930. In the type of gas producer there shown two spaced annularshells 10,111, (Fig. 2) form the wall, providing a'water, chamberbetween them. Ordinarily such shells are designed for strength onlyfandthe inner shell 10 isfrom inch to% inch thick. According'to the prevailing practice before this, the interior of the inner shell would belined withfirebrick either in the region of combustion only or for thefull height of the combustion chamber. bricks lead tothe formation ofclinkers. which become cemented on the. wall; thus decreasing the sizeof the region of combustion'and dise turbing the uniformity of burning.If, however,

the brick lining is omitted, the fire is cooled and combustion isretarded nearthe wall,obviously an undesirable condition since more ofthe fuel burns to dioxide gas instead of monoxide But fire a 1';'direction.

gas which it is desired tomake in a gasipro d ce f As solution of thisproblem, I add to the heat resistanceof the inner shell in order thatthe heat transfer through the shell to the water, though 'sufiicient toprevent overheating of *the shell; may be retarded enough to keep thefire;

bed .from being undesirably cooled. I may do this in several ways, suchas by puttingl'a coating of.

heat resistant material onthe outer'side of the inner shell or by addinga supplemental shell closeto the inner one, or by making the innershelllseveral times thickerthanis necessary for strength alone,orby'adding a number of ribs on the .outer side of theinnershell. Theresult in each case is to increase the resistance, or to decrease therate of heat transfer, two or three times or more; and that maintainsthe temperature of the inner side below the fusion-point of the metalbut above a point at which combus-' tion would be retardednear the wall.

" When the effect is gained by using a thicker wall, the thickness" isof the order of about one inch and upward, being from H; inch to 1inches or more.

The added thickness' may be in a supplemental shell '12 (Figure 3) or itmay be in an integral over-size shell 10 (Figure 1). The horizontalannular ribs 13 (Figure 5) will give the same result. V

The grate is of the construction describedin my co-pending applicationSerial No- 294,132 filed July 20, 1928, which is characterized by itsvertically spaced annular plates 26 of progres sively smaller size. Eachplate overlaps the innor edge of the one beneath it and the conical cap27 overlapsthe top plate. The outer margin of the lowermost plate ispreferably concentric with the'grate axis, which is thecenter ofthecircle defined by the wall of the combustion chamber, andunderlies'the heavy bosh ring 28 at the lower rim of the said walli.Theinner rim of this lower plate is eccentric of the grate axis,as'are'the'inner rims of the other plates,

of theplate beneath it, the outer edges of these other plates areeccentric of-the' grate axis. The

inner rims 'of the, plates above the lowermost one may or may not beeccentric of their respective peripheries; but in any event theeccentricities of bothinner and outer rims of all the plates are in aAny suitable driving mechanism. may be used to turn] the grate as forexamplethe one shown'in my copending application Serial No, 294,132previously referred to. Preferably it has the capability of variation inthe rate of rotation. I

.This grate providesa full horizontal supporting area for the fuelbut,'by reason of the vertical clearance between plates, ash can bereceived the grate plates and to discharge'that ash over the innermargins of those annular plates and into the ash pit. I

A similar downward movement occurs by reason of the eccentricity of theouter margins which, in effect, advance toward and recede from any givenpoint onthe wall; and as the ash and clinkers drop they come into asmaller space between the grate and the wall until finally a level isreached at which they are subject to .a slicing action by one plate oranother, with the wall acting as an abutment- The result is that thebody of ash is out into pieces small enough to be discharged. The actionof the grate depends upon relative movement between the plates and thefuel bed but on the other hand a slow rotation of the fuel bed, forinstance of the order of one rotation in a day, is desirable as itdistributes the effect of non-uniform draft, different rates of burningand other non-uniform factors affecting different regions in the fuelbed to a different extent.

In order to prevent or retard the rotation of the bed of fuel with thegrate I mount on the wall of the producer a number of ash brakes whchextend into the fuel bed, preferably into the ash la'yer, that being thepart upon which the drag is directly exerted.

In the mounting of the stirrer arms and the ash brake arms I employconstructions which make possible the continued use of the same membersdespite the bending of them which occurs due to their being cantilevermembers. The bending force on the stirrer arms is the drag of the ashthrough which they move and is principally exerted along the line oftravel of the arms. The force on the ash brake members is due to thepressure of the ash in the direction of grate rotation asthe' ash isurged around by the grate and by the stirrer arms. The susceptibility tobending is increased in the case of both by the. heating effect whichsometimes is very great, as when the burning of the fuel proceedsinsucha way as .to include the arms in the region of actual combustion.

As described in my pending application Serial No. 294,132 of which thisapplication forms a continuation in part in respect of the expedientjust described, the stirrer arms 30 have base flanges 31 held to thegrate plates by bolts 32, oneon each side of the arm .in the pathinwhich the arm travels. By removal of these bolts, the arms 30 can havetheir positions reversed.

The ash brake arms 35 are preferably circular in cross section andeachis held to'a'base plate 36.by a nut 37 on athreadedfextension 38 of thearm passing through the plate. I Each plate 36 issecured to the outer.face of a'hollow boss 39 in the outer wall of the producer by studs'40and 41. When an arm. 35 becomes bent, all that is necessary is to loosenthe nut 37, and then turn the arm 180 degrees, and tighten up thenut.3'7 again. Thus. the arms 35 can be adjusted from the outside of theproducer without stopping its If a gas producer with a complete waterjacket were used with the ordinary metal water jacket, the flow of heatto the water would be far in excess of the steam consumptionrequirements. In

order to keep the saturated air temperature correct and the steamproduction accordingly it would be necessary to employ a large amount ofjacket cooling Water far in excess of the steam consumptionrequirements.

My special wall construction above described greatly reduces the totalheat flow per hour to the water in the jacket and by this construction Iam enabled to increase the efiiciency of the machine and to reduce theproduction of steam and to reduce the use of water to approximately theamount required for use in the fire to make gas.

I claim: j

1. In afurnace, a stepped rotary grate in combination with arms on thedifferent levels of said grate extending into the fuelgbed and subjectedto bending stresses upon rotation of the grate, and seeming means onopposite sides of said arms in the direction of said bending stresseswhereby said arms may be reversed to apply the bending stresses in arelatively opposite direction to said arms.

'2. & furnace having a rotary grate in combination with means projectinginto the fuel space from the inner wall of the furnace to retard the bedof fuel rotating with the rotation of the grate.

3. A furnace having a rotary grate provided with stirrer arms incombination with means projecting into the fuel space from the'innerwall of the furnace to retard the bed of fuel rotating with the rotationof the grate.

4. A furnace having an eccentrically mounted rotary grate consisting, ofsuperposed spaced plates in coned formation in combination with meansprojecting into the fuel space from the inner wall of the furnace toretard the bed of fuel rotating with the rotation of the grate.

5. A furnace having an eccentrically mounted rotary grate consisting ofsuperposed spaced plates in coned formation and carrying stirrer arms incombination with means projecting into the fuel space from the innerwall of the furnace to retard the bed of fuel rotating with the rotationof the grate.

6. A furnace having a rotary grate provided with reversible stirrer armsin combination with means projecting into the fuel space from the innerwall of the furnace toretard the bed of fuel rotating with the rotationof the grate.

7.' A furnace having a rotary grate in combination with reversible armscarried by the wall of the furnace and projecting into the fuel space toretard the bed of fuel rotating with the rotation of the grate.

8. A furnace having a rotary grate in combina-i tion with armsprojecting through the side walls of the furnace, and means accessiblefrom the outside for adjusting the arms, said arms projecting into thefuel space to retard the bed of fuel rotating with the rotation of thegrate.

ALBERTLEET GALUSHA.

